Arthritis is one of the most common conditions our patients face, often bringing extreme joint pain that disrupts daily life. Thanks to advances in medicine, arthritis treatment options have improved greatly, with surgery reserved as a last resort. Before considering joint replacement, most patients undergo a series of less invasive therapies aimed at reducing pain and improving mobility. We’ll only recommend surgery when absolutely necessary.
For those who do require surgery, advances have streamlined procedures and recovery. While downtime is still part of the process, most patients are pleasantly surprised at how quickly they can move again—often much sooner than they expected.
What Exactly Is Arthritis?
The two most common types are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Both cause painful joint degeneration, but the underlying causes differ.
Osteoarthritis is the most common, often called “wear and tear” arthritis. It develops gradually due to lifestyle factors and years of joint use. Symptoms usually include soreness without significant swelling, and it typically appears later in life.
Rheumatoid arthritis is less common and caused by an autoimmune response in which the body attacks its own joints. Onset can be sudden, with swelling, pain, and fatigue appearing over weeks. This condition can occur at any age and often impacts overall wellbeing.
Is Surgery My Only Option?
In both types of arthritis, there are many non-surgical arthritis treatments available. Before recommending surgery, we evaluate your symptoms, lifestyle, and overall health. Options may include:
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Medication (over-the-counter or prescribed)
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Lifestyle changes such as diet and low-impact exercise
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Physical therapy
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Joint injections
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Regenerative therapies like PRP or stem cell treatments
When to Consider Arthritis Surgery
We avoid recommending surgery unless arthritis pain significantly limits your ability to enjoy daily activities. If non-invasive treatments no longer provide relief and your quality of life suffers, it may be time to discuss surgical options with your doctor.
Surgical Options for Arthritis Relief
Arthroscopy
A minimally invasive procedure involving a tiny incision and a camera to view the joint. The surgeon can remove damaged cartilage or bone fragments, smooth rough surfaces, or remove inflamed tissue. Recovery usually takes 6–8 weeks, with follow-up visits and physical therapy for optimal healing.
Joint Fusion (Arthrodesis)
Fuses two bones in a joint to reduce pain and increase stability. This is common in small joints like hands, feet, wrists, and parts of the spine. Recovery takes several months and may require a longer rehabilitation period than arthroscopy.
Osteotomy
Used primarily for hip or knee arthritis, this surgery realigns bones to shift weight away from damaged areas. It can delay the need for a joint replacement for years. Recovery includes limited mobility for a month and a physical therapy regimen, with full healing taking several months to a year.
Joint Replacement Surgery
Considered a last resort, joint replacement involves replacing part or all of a damaged joint, commonly in the hips, knees, shoulders, or elbows. Patients are often up and moving within 24 hours for knee and hip replacements, though full recovery takes months with consistent physical therapy.
Preparing for Recovery
For more invasive surgeries like joint replacement or osteotomy, you’ll need to plan ahead for help with daily activities. Preparing your home and arranging assistance with tasks like cooking, dressing, and bathing can make your recovery smoother and more comfortable.
If you have arthritis, we’re here to help. Contact Charlottesville Orthopaedic Center to discuss your treatment options and find a plan that works for you.
Sources Cited:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350772
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4957-arthritis
https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/surgical-treatment-options-for-arthritis/
Dr. David Nielsen, D.O. is a board-certified orthopedic surgeon with over 20 years of experience in hand, upper extremity, and shoulder surgery. He trained at Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine and the University of South Florida. He brings over two decades of surgical experience and a deep commitment to patient-centered care as the founder of Charlottesville Orthopaedic Center.
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Learn MoreWhat Our Patients Say
“I went to Dr. Nielsen for a second opinion on a dislocated hand. My first surgeon recommended surgery without much consideration. A friend suggested Dr. Nielsen, who spent time reviewing my case and concluded that I only needed rehabilitation. He was right! He's an excellent doctor.”
I was impressed with the quality of service and the caring people throughout the visit, from the receptionist to the doctor seen. They truly care and are honest and professional.
The best ortho in the state. Got my son in right away and is a very caring crew. Professional and clean atmosphere. Would recommend to anyone.
We can’t recommend Dr. Nielsen and his team enough. They represent the best in medical care and kindness to others. They are truly excellent in providing healthcare services. With him, you will find a health partner, a supportive friend on your health journey, and continuous support in your pursuit of well-being.
Highly recommend Charlottesville Orthopedic Center for PT. They are the best! Very knowledgeable, detailed, patient, caring and they listen. I had shoulder and knee issues. Matt was my physical therapist and I would definitely go back if I ever need more therapy. Thank you so much for all your help.
Very responsive, same day service. Staff is knowledgeable, friendly, and thorough when communicating complex medical information.
Great place. The best group of people you could ask for. Knowledgeable and polite. #1
I was able to get a same day appointment after every other place I called turned me away. In the end, I was glad I got turned away elsewhere because I can’t imagine any other practice being more caring and understanding.
